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Egypt: Government

Due to the current political unrest in Egypt, the information on these pages may not reflect current conditions in the country.

Key Figures

Chief of State:
President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly

Overview

Government Name:
Arab Republic of Egypt
Constitution:
Former Egyptian president was overthrown on July 3, 2013 which necessitated the revision of the constitution. A referendum took place January 14-15, 2014.
Government Type:
Republic
Arab Republic of Egypt Flag
Coat of Arms of Arab Republic of Egypt

Index of Economic Freedom

Grades each country on a scale of 0 to 100, based on ten freedoms, with 100 representing the greatest amount of economic autonomy from government intervention. Source: Heritage Foundation (2023)

Country Risk Rating

C
A very uncertain political and economic outlook and a business environment with many troublesome weaknesses can have a significant impact on corporate payment behavior. Corporate default probability is high. Source: Coface (2022)

Government Branches

Main Powers Election Process Election Cycle 1
Executive

The president is the head of state, supreme commander of the armed forces, and head of the executive branch of government. The prime minister is the head of the government, heads the cabinets, and may propose laws.

The president is elected by the absolute majority vote through a two-round system. The prime minister is appointed by the president and approved by parliament.

6 years
Judicial

The judicial system is an independent branch of the government which includes both secular and religious courts.

Supreme constitutional court judges are appointed by the president of the republic.

No term limit
Legislative

The parliament enacts laws, approves the general policy of the state, supervises the work of the government, and has the power to vote to impeach the president of the republic, or replace the government and its prime minister by a vote of no-confidence. However, even though the powers of the parliament have increased since the 1980 amendments of the constitution, the parliament continues to lack the powers to balance the extensive powers of the president.

The advisory council has 176 members elected by absolute majority vote through a two round system and 88 members appointed by president. The people's assembly has 166 members elected by absolute majority vote through a two-round system and 332 members elected through a closed-list proportional representation system.

Advisory Council: 6 years; People's Assembly: 5 years

Regional Trade Blocs
Arab League
COMESA

International Organization Participation [2]

Environmental Agreements [3]

Tax Information [2]

Tax Authority:
Ministry of Finance
Tax Name:
GST

Sources:

  1. ElectionGuide http://www.electionguide.org/
  2. EY, http://www.ey.com
  3. CIA World Factbook, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/
  4. U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/