globalEDGE Blog - Page 102

In part two of this week's transport manufacturing blog series, we look at current issues affecting international trade in the auto industry.

Implemented in 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) consists of a trilateral compromise signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The initial goal of NAFTA was to eliminate barriers to trade and investment between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. Prior to NAFTA, American cars sold in the United States were made almost exclusively in the U.S., and most vehicles were sold in the market in which they were made. When NAFTA came into effect, U.S. automakers began diffusing their production across the trade zones, particularly taking advantage of the cheaper labor and lower production costs in Mexico. But, according to various economists, it is unclear if scrapping NAFTA would shift plants and jobs back to the United States.

This week, the globalEDGE blog is diving into the transport manufacturing industry. Over the next four days, we will take a look at automotive, airplane, and train manufacturing, along with a blog on the impact of emerging markets on the global industry.

The transportation manufacturing industry is comprised of businesses that manufacture vehicles, vehicle parts, and the infrastructure that supports them. Sectors in the industry include passenger cars, semi-trailer trucks, container ships, airplanes, and trains. Although most picture major companies such as Ford, Toyota, Boeing, or Airbus when thinking of the industry, smaller businesses that supply the parts and electronics are equally important.

Just last month, the United Kingdom Parliament triggered Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty, officially commencing the necessary processes for leaving the European Union. The entire operation is expected to take two years, and the U.K. hopes to set up the structure for a positive international investment climate during that time. As part of this pursuit, Prime Minister Theresa May began a multiple-day visit to Saudi Arabia on April 4 to discuss trade deals between the two nations. Saudi Arabia and the U.K. have been prolific trading partners for years; the talks were intended not only to maintain this relationship, but also to discuss future developments in defense, security, and economic reform. May's visit has been criticized by various international leaders, who have cited Saudi Arabia's record on women's rights as well as the country's involvement in the current Yemen conflict. Worries abound both outside and within the U.K. government that the nation may be overlooking human rights concerns in favor of favorable trade deals.

Since implementing market reforms in 1978, China has recognized the fastest sustained economic expansion in history, with GDP growth averaging almost 10%. Much of China’s assent to the second largest economy in the world can be attributed to the growth and development of their manufacturing industry. In 1990, China accounted for less than 3% of the global manufacturing output by value; today they account for nearly 25%. However, the economic and demographic trends that stimulated China’s meteoric rise are shifting and China is being forced to shift their manufacturing strategies to remain on top of global manufacturing.

Growing up, many kids turned to ketchup to go with every meal, from hot dogs to mac and cheese to scrambled eggs. Now, the condiment of choice has turned into Sriracha. In the past 16 years, the hot sauce market, specifically Sriracha sauce, in America has increase by 165%, which makes the market one of the fastest growing industries in the United States.

Sriracha is now becoming a global phenomenon with over 200 tons produced a week worldwide. David Tran, the creator of the spicy condiment, never trademarked his creation which has created more success for his name sake. Many imitations are produced in countries such as France, China, and Australia, which are sold alongside the original sauce produced by Huy Fong Foods.

Some of the biggest names in business have made a statement when it comes to bridging the gender gap. Walmart, Coca Cola, Pepsi, Exxon-Mobile, General Mills, Campbell's Soup, Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson, and Mondoleez have all banded together and committed to sourcing more from women-owned businesses. Walmart has already achieved their goal of buying $20 billion worth of goods and services from women-owned businesses in the United States over the past five years. However, women-owned suppliers still make up only 2% of their global purchases. This group intends to make an impact by encouraging similar companies to realize the many benefits of supporting women-owned businesses.

Investors are investing more in equities in European markets, which is leading to a rally in the continent, despite fears driven by political uncertainty, such as Brexit and the upcoming elections in France. This is a reversal of 2016, where investors pulled out nearly $100 billion from the equities asset class, and this is seen as being driven by the hopes of a harmonized global expansion. Stock funds in American markets are facing outflows due to investor’s worries of high valuations, and political uncertainty around the current presidential administration's efforts to reach agreements on tax reform and the fiscal spending plan. It is thought that investor confidence in the global economic outlook and its resilience against shocks can be attributed to strong economic signs, such as purchasing manager indices reaching a high in the Eurozone, and easier financial conditions globally.

globalEDGE is proud to be a sponsor of Coface's annual Country Risk Conference. The conference will be held on April 20th in New York City, and will focus on business to business trade around the world. Topics covered will include Brexit, how the United States' new trade policies will impact international trade, low oil prices, and the emerging markets in Central and Eastern Europe. Business professionals, consultants, and researchers are welcome to attend the event, and registration is available on Coface's site. To learn more about the conference, click here, and to learn more about country risk, visit our recently updated country risk pages.

Westinghouse Electric Company, a nuclear power developer based in the United States, filed for bankruptcy on Wednesday. The company is struggling to account for its failed nuclear production projects while its main corporate partner, the Japanese parent Toshiba Corp, is suffering huge losses.

Established in 1988 as the National Association of Small Business International Trade Educators (NASBITE), NASBITE International is a nonprofit organization who aims at advancing global business practice, education, and training. NASBITE has been a leading organization that promotes an exchange of information and resources among global business education and assistance professionals. Among many others, NASBITE’s specialties include international trade, global marketing, small business administration, supply chain management, and professional development.